Shearing machine



March 25, 1941.-l M, w, HAZELTON 2,236,193

SHEARING MACHIYNE f v Original Filed July l2, 1940 .in /23 /Io l o lnvVENToRl MERRILL HAZEL To/v.

han BY MMM ATTORNEYS.

Patented Mar. 25, 1941 PATENT A` oFFlcE A snEAmNG MACHINE Merrill W.Hazeiton, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to The Cincinnati Shaper Company,Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Original application July 12,1940, Serial No.

Divided and this application July 12,

1940, Serial No. 345,197

f 10 Claims.

This invention relates to shearing machines'of the type used forshearing sheet metal and is a division of my copending applicationSerial No. ,345,196, led of even date herewith. In that application Ihave disclosed magnetic holding means to hold up the portion of a sheetbeyond the shears. The holding means were electromagnets and means wereprovided for controlling the magnetic force on the sheet so that thesheet even though gripped by the magnet bars could be moved in its planefor adjustment in relation to a back gauge.

It is an object of the present invention to provide magnetic holdingmeans of the permanent magnet type which are simpler and less likely toget out of order than the electromagnetic type. It is another object ofmy invention to provide permanent magnet holding means which permit thesheet, when held bythe magnets to be moved in its plane even though themagnetic force of permanent magnets cannot be altered. These and variousother objects of my invention which will be pointed out hereinafter orwhich will be apparent to one skilled in the art upon readingthesespecilcations, I accomplish by that certain construction andarrangement of-parts of' which I shall describe several exemplaryemhodiments. Reference is now made to the drawing forming a part hereofand in which:

Figurel is a longitudinal cross section through a' magnetbar with justenough of the shearing machine shown to indicate the relation.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line2-2 of Fig. 1..

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a diierent type of magnetbar.

vFig. 4 is a partial perspective detail viewof the chain shown in Fig.3.

` Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 3 showing anothermodification.

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line6-6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the permanent magnets used in thedevice of Figs. 5 and 6.

Fig. 8 is an elevational view of the adjustment for the rear end of themagnet bar taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view of still another .type of magnet bar.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of one ofthepermanent magnets used in the device of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the linel-ll of Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view showing a modiflcation in the mounting ofthe magnets of Fig. 9.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary side elevation showing another modification inthe mounting of the magnets of Fig. 9.

Briefly, in the practice of my 'invention I provide, as described in mycopending application above referred to, aseries of magnet bars"disposed in parallel relation transversely of the shear blades and tothe rear thereof. According to this invention the magnet bars comprise aplurality of magnets of one or another form and I provide means wherebythe sheet may be gripped by the magnets and yet moved in its plane foralignment with a back gauge.

The shearing machine to which these magnet bars are applied may be ofany type as, for example, the machine described in my copendingapplication above referred to. In the present application I have shownonly so much of this shear as is necessary for an understanding of theinvention and -so much of the shear as is shown bears the same referencenumerals as in said copending application. In Fig. 1, I have shown thefront table I6 in which is mounted the fixed shear blade' I4 andl I haveindicated a part 0f the ram assembly at I0 provided with the bracelplate II and carrying the movable shear blade I3. The sheet to besheared is indicated at I5.

According to Figs. 1 and 2, a number ofpermanent magnets 90 are screwedto a conveyor belt 9| from which they are insulated by insulating strips92. The belt 9| travels over pulleys 93 which are suitably mounted inthe walls of the magnet bar casing 42. In this embodiment as soon as theend of the sheet I5 comes within the sphere of influence of one of thepermanent magnets 90, it clings to it and upon further movemerit of thesheet toward the left in Fig. '1, the belt wil1 travel in a clockwisedirection and additional magnets will pick up the sheet end.

In Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown an arrangement which may be desirablewhere extra heavy sheets are to be sheared which sheets might be heavierthan the weight for `which the magnet bars'were designed. In thisembodiment I have shown a number of hook elements 94 which may bepivoted t0 the sprocket chain 95 as shown at 94d. 'Ihese hook elements94 are disposed between the permanent magnets 90 which may be fixed tothe chain and insulated therefrom in any suitable manner. The chain 95travels over sprockets 96 suitably mounted in the magnet bar casing 42.With this device the end of the sheet I5 can be supported by means ofone of the hooks 84, which hook 'alone or with the assistance of themagnets 0.0`wi11 serve to support the sheet, as in Fig. 3. When` thesheet is pushed towards the left in Fig. 3, the sprocket chain .llwilltravel in a clockwise direction. By virtue of the pivoted mounting ofthe hook members 34 subsequent ofthe members 54 will not interfere withthe proper gripping of the sheet.

In Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, I have shown another modification in which anumber of permanent magnets |00 of horse shoe shape are retained in ashell`|0| from which they are insulated by insulating material |02.'Blocks |00 of insulating material are provided between the adjacentmagnets |00. Since the permanent magnets are not movable in this device,meansmust be provided' for diminishing the pull of the magnetbars sothat the sheet may easily beadjusted in the case of light material. Therear ends of the magnet bars are supported as shown in detail in Figs. 5and 8 by means of a rod |03 passing through a sleeve |04 in the braceplate` A slotted boss |05 is provided on the brace plate and the sleeve|04 is provided with blades |0411. It will be observed that the boss |05is provided with diametrically Vopposed relatively deep slots |00 anddiametrically opposed relatively shallow slots |01 half-way between theslots |05. It will now be clear that by raising the sleeve |04 andturning it through 90 the blades |04a will engage in the slots |01 thusholding the rear ends of the magnet bars up. Thus, when it is desired toshear very thin sheets and it becomes necessary to decrease theattractive force upon the sheet, any suitable number of the magnet barsmay be rendered ineffective by raising them up as just described. Insome cases every other bar will have to be raised or every third bar.'Ihis will, of course. be done in the judgment and the experience of theoperator.

In Figs. 9 to 12, inclusive, I have shown still another arrangement inwhich a, plurality of permanent magnets in the form of small rollersindicated generally at I0 are mounted in the magnet bar casing 42. Theserollers are shown in more detail in Figs. 10 and 11. They comprise acore portion of magnetic material such. for example, as A1nico; adjacentthe core portion and on each side thereof are providedsteel rollers I2which may be of cold rolled steel or of similar material. The assemblyis 'mounted upon a shaft ||3 of brass or other non-magnetic material,which shaft ||3 is journaled in the casing 42. The vdiscs ||2 arepreferably spaced from the casing 42 by the washers ||4. The operationof this form of magnet bar is clear in that,as the sheet is gripped bythe magnets and pushed toward the left in Fig. 9, each of the permanentmagnet elements I|0 will simply roll along the sheet rotating in aclockwise direction.

In Fig. 12, I have shown a slight modification in the mounting of therollers ||0 in which the rollers are rotatably mounted in U shapedbrackets H5, which brackets are pivotedas at H6 in the casing 42. 'I'hepurpose of this modiilcation is to render all magnets useful insupporting the sheet in cases where the sheet is uneven or wavy. Thus,individual members ||0 may yield to permit adjacent members ||0 to gripthe sheet even if it is not dat.

In Fig. 13 the casing 42 has in its side walls oversize holes 42a inwhich the shafts ||3 of the magnets ||0 are retained. This arrangementhas the advantages of that of Fig. l2 but is simpler in construction.

The mounting of the magnet bars is somewhat f support the magnet bars inposition. It will be observed that the magnet bars descend with theshear, there being no lost motion arrangement as described and claimedin my copending applicavtion. I have found that in this type ofconstruction the impact of the upper shear blade against the sheet l5serves to knock the sheet loose from the magnet bars.

In Fig. 5, I have shown a slight modification in the mounting of thefront;- end of the magnet bar in which a plain flanged sleeve |25 isprovided in the brace plate The rod |20 Apasses through the sleeve |25and is supported by means of lock nuts |20 bearing against a spring |21which rests on the ilange of the sleeve |25. The spring |21 is conical4and is shown in its compressed condition. 'I'he adjustment ispreferably such that the compression of the spring when fully compressedsubstantially biases the weight of the front ends of the magnet bars.Thus, if a thicker sheet is to be shearejd, the front ends of the magnetbars under the laction of the spring |21 will rise on very slightpressure to permit the sheet to pass.

In Fig. 5, I have also shown a back gauge oi' unusual construction. Theback gauge indicated generally at |30 is slotted asat |3| and a gaugeelement |32 is provided with a key |33 arranged to engage in the slot|3I. The member |32 is held in positionby means of bolts |34 and is cutaway at intervals as indicated at |35 to accommodate `themagnet bars. Arear extension piece |30 is bolted or otherwise fastened to the member|30 as at |31 and it carries a slot |38. The center lines of the slots|3| and |38 are some distance apart, say, '36 inches and it will beclear that with the member |32 in the position shown, the range will befrom 0 to 36 inches and with the memberl |32 disposed in the slot |38,the range will be from 36 to 72 inches. The means for ad- Justing theback gauge |30 may be of any desired type such as, for example, areshown in my v copending application above referred to. The adjustment,per se, constitutes no part of the present invention. l It will be clearthat numerous modifications will suggest themselves to one skilled inthe art and, therefore, I do not wish to limit myself except as to theclaims which follow.

Havingthus .described my invention what I claim as new-and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyondthe blades and means to render said magnetic means effective in holdingup a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane.

2. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyondthe blades and means to render said magnetic means eii'ective in holdingup a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane; said meanseffective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet initsplane,` said vmagnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet barsdisposed side by side transversely of said shear blades andpermanentmagnets mounted in said magnet bars for movement of their sheetcontacting surfaces in the plane of the sheet.

4. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyondythe blades and means to render said magnetic means eective in holdingup a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, said meanscomprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by side transverselyof said/'shear blades and means for selectively rendering'ineffectiveany number of said magnet bars.

. 5. A device according to claim 4 in which said last mentioned meanscomprise means lor elevating individual of said magnet bars.

6. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting-sheet metal,magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyondthe blades and means to render said magnetic f means eiective in holdingup a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, saidmagnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side byside transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnetbars'containing a freely traveling belt' and a plurality of permeanseffective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement oa sheet inits plane, said means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposedside by side transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnet barscontaining a freely movable sprocket chain, a plurality of permanentmagnets mounted on said sprocket chain and a plurality of-pivoted hookelements mounted between said permanent magnets, the contact faces ofsaid magnet bars being substantially in the plane of sheet movement andsaid hook elements extending somewhat below said plane.

8. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyondthe blades and meansto render said magnetic means eiIective in holdingup a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, saidmagnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side byside transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnet barscontaining a plurality of permanent magnets in the form of' rollersmounted transversely with respect to said magnet bars substantiallytangent to the Plane of sheet movement.

9. A device according to claim 8 inwhich the independent magnets aremounted for pivotal movement also with respect to said magnet bars.

10. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyondthe blades and means to render said magnetic means eiective in holdingup asheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, said lmagnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side byside transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnet barscomprising a casing substantially crescent shape in cross section, aplurality of generally horse shoe shaped permanent magnets disposed in'said casing and insulated from said casing and from each other and meansfor elevating selectively any of said magnet bars to render themineffective.

MERRILL W. HAZELTON.

